What are Cloud-Native Principles?

Cloud-native principles are a set of cloud-specific guidelines around app creation. They aim to guide app development/design and utilize cloud computing environments. 

在使用云原生原则时，应用程序的可扩展性、弹性和敏捷性应始终是您考虑的首要因素。其特点包括： 

• 微服务架构：将应用程序划分为更小且松散耦合的服务。开发、部署和扩展都应该是独立的。 
• Containerization: Package apps/dependencies into portable containers. You should do this if you wish to consistently deploy apps across varying environments.
• Orchestration: Automate containerized apps’ scaling, deployment, and management for resource utilization.  
• DevOps Culture: Your DevOps team should be collaborative across security, operations, and development. 
• Continuous Delivery: Focus on facilitating frequent/automated new feature/improvement releases for user experience.

Some of the agility and scalability aspects associated with cloud-native principles are: 

• Microservices Architecture: Independent deployment/development for more frequent release updates and concurrent working. 
• Containerization and Orchestration: Containers are used for consistency/portability; orchestration tools automate app deployment/scaling for adaptation to changing demands. 
• DevOps 和持续交付：协作的 DevOps 文化应简化软件开发生命周期，持续交付也应如此。 

DevOps’ role in a cloud-native environment is: 

• 协作：DevOps 必须打破开发、运营和安全团队之间的壁垒。共同承担责任和协作文化至关重要。
• 自动化：持续交付使用自动化进行构建、测试和部署；主要目的是避免人工错误并加快发布周期。  
• 反馈循环：持续的反馈和监控至关重要；团队必须快速识别并解决问题，以提高应用程序的质量/可靠性。

云原生应用程序通过以下方式解决这些问题： 

• 分布式架构：应用程序组件分布在微服务和容器化中，使用不同的服务器和可用区。 
• Health Checks and Self-Healing: Cloud-native apps use self-healing mechanisms to detect/recover from failures, and they should also utilize health checks.
• 负载均衡: Distribute traffic across multiple app instances; this is imperative for high availability/performance during peak loads.

Businesses need to address with each of the following when implementing a cloud-native approach:

• Cultural Shift: A DevOps-focused cultural shift to one where continuous improvement, 自动化, and collaboration are emphasized is a necessity.
• Complexity: You need the right skills and expertise to manage cloud-native architectures.  
• 成本管理: Due to the cost of cloud resources, it’s wise to plan and manage budgets and expectations in advance. 
• 安全：您需要在云原生应用中采取强有力的安全措施，以保护敏感数据并阻止未经授权的访问。