什么是云原生中的 API？

API，也称为应用程序编程接口，连接微服务架构中的服务。它们定义了交互软件组件和数据交换的规则和规范，充当合同。
通过松耦合，API 用于在可重用和可互操作的空间中部署、开发和扩展服务。

Cloud-native and SaaS utilize cloud computing, but they approach software development/delivery differently. Here’s how: 

• 云原生应用：专为云环境构建。它们使用容器、微服务和编排；这些是敏捷性、弹性和可扩展性所必需的。如果公司需要更多地控制底层基础设施并对其进行自定义，则会使用云原生应用。DevOps 对于部署和管理云原生应用是必不可少的。
• SaaS（软件即服务）: Applications are hosted/managed by a provider, meaning they have limited customization; on the flip side, SaaS apps are accessible to customers online. Businesses pay via subscriptions and use SaaS for deployment/maintenance.

Some of the things you’ll have to think about when designing/managing APIs in cloud-native environments are:

• 多 API 复杂性：当使用多个 API 时，重要的是要解决与设计、管理和文档相关的潜在复杂性。 
• Versioning: You need to carefully version APIs when they evolve to avoid issues with backward compatibility. 
• Security: Implement appropriate security measures to mitigate risks associated with API usage, as they can expose sensitive data or functionalities.
• Performance: Make sure you’ve optimized your APIs for high performance/scalability as they normally manage varying workloads.

Adhere to these practices: 

• API优先设计: Use API design prior to service implementation; this is crucial for ensuring clear contracts. 
• Standardization: Utilize Rest, GraphQL, and other API design standards; be consistent when doing so. 
• 文档：保持您的API文档更新，并确保其内容全面。
• 版本控制：在实施之前定义您的版本控制策略。  
• 安全：使用 API 安全措施，例如 加密、身份验证和授权强制执行。 
• 监控/分析：长期监控您的API使用情况/性能。

云原生发现检测/注册云环境的服务。完成此操作后，基础设施中的其他服务应该能够与它们通信并发现它们；这是通过标识符或逻辑名称完成的。 

动态性至关重要，在 云环境. Service discovery is also important for communication and loose coupling. 

Service discoverability works within these two aspects as follows: 

• Dynamic Scaling: new instances can be added/removed when demand surges or drops. Service discovery is essential for registering these instances and making them discoverable. 
• Service Discovery: notifies about instance failures prior to their removal from the directory, enabling other services to adjust their routing behavior. This is needed for service uptime and availability.