什么是私有云部署模型？

A private cloud is a cloud computing model that serves a single organization exclusively. This means that all the company’s resources, like servers, storage, and networks, are not shared with any other users. Under NIST SP 800-145, a private cloud may be owned and run by the organization, a third party, or both, and may sit on-premises or off-premises.

与公共云选项（资源在多个用户之间共享）相比，私有云使公司能够控制其资源，并为处理敏感数据或需要满足严格法规要求的企业进行定制。

关键的区别在于可用资源的分配方式。公共云实际上是 multitenant, where many users make use of resources simultaneously, while a private cloud is single-tenant, meaning all resources are exclusively used by an organization. This difference gives private clouds greater security, customization, and control but with additional and possibly higher costs.

A private cloud may exist on or off premises and be run by a third party (NIST). The main types of 私有云上 是：

• 本地私有云： 基础设施在组织的数据中心现场搭建。这种设置使组织拥有完全的控制权，但也需要高水平的IT专业知识。
• 托管私有云： 第三方公司在办公室外管理设备和系统，以减少内部IT团队的工作量。
• 管理型私有云： Similar to the hosted cloud, the provider also provides maintenance, security, and updates; thus, the approach is fully outsourced to the service provider.

是的，您可以使用 软件即服务 (SaaS) applications on a private cloud. This is useful primarily for those who want more control over the software that they use or want to integrate SaaS apps with on-premises 软件。

The primary disadvantage of private cloud is cost. Though it is quite expensive compared to other clouds, the private cloud gives an organization its own infrastructure in return. It often costs more than public cloud options because of the need for dedicated resources and infrastructure, as well as possible management and maintenance costs. Plus, it may require more in-house IT expertise to set up and manage effectively.

A private cloud combined with a public one forms a 混合云; compare the 公有云 model too.