什么是云原生架构？

云原生架构是一种专门的设计方法，用于在云计算环境中构建和运行应用程序。这种方法利用云固有的可扩展性、弹性甚至恢复能力等特性，但可能会以牺牲资源控制和灵活性为代价。

云原生应用程序旨在包含一些特性，以促进其在不稳定的云环境中的性能，包括快速响应能力和对变化的适应性。 

改造单体应用程序并非完全可行，因为考虑到云环境概念的本质，该过程可能需要重写整个结构。相比之下，包含微服务的云原生架构通常被认为是比传统架构更适合现代需求的方法。

The main difference between cloud-native and monolithic architecture is in how they are structured. Mono applications are designed where all the elements are integrated, while cloud-native applications are divided into microservices of loosely connected services. This method is characterized by its decentralized nature, where services can be independently designed, provisioned, and scaled, potentially resulting in greater adaptability, efficient resource utilization, and a decentralized architecture.

使用云原生架构还会对公司的可扩展性、灵活性和支出模式产生影响。

• 可扩展性： 由微服务组成的宏应用程序也可以通过根据工作负载添加或有意删除不同服务的实例来横向扩展。
• 弹性： Cloud-native applications use ‘isolation’ and self-healing to minimize or prevent downtime in failure cases.
• Agility: Cloud-native applications usually consist of microservices that enable their development and deployment.
•  Pay-per-use pricing: In cloud-native architecture, organizations can modify resource allocation based on actual usage, potentially impacting cost optimization.

云原生开发有几项核心技术。

• 微服务： 应用程序被分解为细粒度的、松散耦合的组件，这些组件通过 API 调用进行交互。
• 容器： During CI/CD, all the software applications and all their dependencies are segmented to particular confines to enhance the portability of the solution across the environments.
• 编排： 一些例子包括 Kubernetes，它有助于管理用于运行应用程序的集群，以及部署和扩展容器化应用程序。
• DevOps: 强调开发、运营和安全团队之间合作的核心概念，以提高软件发布的效率。
• Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery (CI/CD): Focuses on automating and streamlining development processes to allow for more frequent, iterative releases with rapid feedback, reducing the reliance on manual tasks.

云原生结构和DevOps实践通常在理念和目标上相互对应。云原生模块化的可用性适用于 CI/CD 通过以下方式进行优化 自动化 导致重复的集成、测试和部署。

 这种组合会影响反馈循环的持续时间、软件质量以及 解决方案推向市场的速度.